孔石莼外植体再生及发育途径的研究

Study on the regeneration and development pattern of explants of Ulva pertusa Kjellm(Ulvales,Chlorophyta)

将孔石莼 (UlvapertusaKjellm)野生种和“不育株”突变体的叶状体切成1cm2 以下大小不同的片段培养 ,发现再生情况和外植体大小存在密切关系。在5mm×5mm以下的片段中 ,90%以上的细胞都出现了再生 ,表现为3种发育途径 :形成球形的原生质体 ,经丝状体而成叶状体 ;产生游动细胞 ,也经过丝状体而成叶状体 ;细胞原位分裂 ,形成球状体或管状体 ,呈现礁膜属和浒苔属的特征。5mm×5mm～10mm×10mm的片段 ,除边缘的1～2层中有极少量细胞形成游动细胞和球形原生质体外 ,其它细胞没有变化。将由片段再生形成的小叶状体采到紫菜苗网上 ,经过一年的海区养殖 。

Tissues of sterile mutant and wild type Ulva pertusa Kjellmwere cut into fragments of less than1cm 2 .It was found that regeneration was relative to size of the explants.Among the fragments of size less than0.25mm 2 ,more than90%of the cells of the fragments regenerated showing three development patterns.A few cells produced spherical protoplasts that germinated into filaments and later grew into fronds;most of the cells gave rise to mobile cells that also developed into fronds;other cells divided in situ and regenerated into tubular or saccate thalli.Among the fragments of size5mm×5mm～10mm×10mm,only a very small quantity of somatic cells around the margin produced mobile cells and spherical protoplasts.The nori-nets with regenerated fronds were incubated indoors for half a month and transplanted into the field sea.The seedlings grewinto1m long thalli after one year of marine cultivation.