从术语学论“韵”和“韵部”的定义

On the Definition of “Rhyme With Tone” and “Rhyme” From the View of Terminology

术语学要求各门学科的术语名称统一 ,内涵固定 ,层级、序列合理。目前汉语音韵学的“韵”和“韵部”不符合这一要求 ,给学习和研究增加困难。造成“韵”、“韵部”混乱的原因是 :(1 )韵书体例的演变 ;(2 )对上古韵部的研究限于音质音位 ;(3)“韵”和“韵部”各自的内涵悄悄演化。汉语音韵学韵母方面的音韵单位可由“韵类”、“韵”、“韵部”、“韵组”、“韵摄”分为五级 ,从小到大形成术语系列。建议工具书在再版时作出修订。

Terminology claims that the term of any subject should be uniform, the connotation definite, and the gradation and sequence rational. But now the “rhyme with tone” and “rhyme” of Chinese historical phonology don’t accord with this demand.Therefore this phenomenon adds difficulty to the study and academic research in this field. The cause to the confusion of “rhyme with tone” and “rhyme” is: First, the edition style of traditional rhyme dictionary has developed. Secondly, the study on ancient rhyme is limited to segmental phoneme. Thirdly, the connotation of “rhyme with tone” and “rhyme” has developed without being noticed. The phonological unit of Chinese phonological rhyme can be divided into five levels: “Yunlei(韵类, kinds of rhyme with tone)”, “Yun(韵, rhyme with tone)”, “Yunbu(韵部, rhyme)”, “Yunzu(韵组, rhyme group)” and “Yunshe(韵摄, rhyme league)”, and thus forms a term series from little to large. Therefore the above terms should be revised in the republication of reference books.