柴达木盆地草地资源及草业生产发展方向与对策

The Development Direction and Countermeasures of Grassland Resource and Pratac-ulture Production in Caidamu Basin

柴达木盆地草地面积722.22万公顷,占土地总面积的27.68％,草地可利用面积512.527万公顷,占草地总面积和土地总面积的70.96％和19.64％。草地资源利用及草业生产中存在的问题是草地资源破坏严重,生态环境恶化;草地生产结构不合理,生产水平低;草地水利建设力度趋缓,重建轻管;草地基本建设投资少,重用轻养。应采取的对策是:建立和完善草地农业系统,大力发展草地水利建设,加强草业生产技术推广,提高草业生产机械化水平,加快草地资源保护的法制建设,鼓励个人和企业投资草业生产。

In Caidamu basin, there are 7222.2 thousand hm2 grassland, which amount to 27.68% of the total land. Among these grasslands, 5125.2 thousand hm2 are utilizable, which amount to 70.96% of the grassland area and 19.64% of the total land. At present, there are some serious problems in grassland resource utilization and prataculture production, including the destruction of grassland resources, worsened eco-envi-ronment, unreasonable grassland structure, low productivity, slow grassland irrigation construction, little grassland management, little investment in basic construction, and almost no maintenance. Therefore, the corresponding suggestions for these problems are: to establish agro-grassland system, to strengthen irrigation projects, to expand the grassland production technology, to increase the use of machine in production, to form the legal system in grassland protection, and to encourage individual and enterprise to invest in prataculture.