clap式冰刀蹬冰动作特点对速滑专项力量训练理念的启示

The Enlightenment for the Special Strength Training of the Speed Skating Gainedfrom the Clap Skate Stroke Technique Characteristic

通过对2002年世界速滑锦标赛优秀运动员弯道蹬冰技术动作的分析后认为,clap式冰刀与传统冰刀蹬冰过程中肌群工作方式存在着明显的不同。clap式冰刀蹬冰动作遵循大环节带动小环节,由上至下的关节发力顺序规律;而传统式冰刀则是以臀大肌和股四头肌的近固定工作与腓肠肌的远固定工作之合力实现两侧牵拉式伸膝动作。并且提出对速滑蹬冰技术动作的爆发力程度应重新审视的观点。由于肌群工作方式的异同性提示在力量训练理念上,更应加强速度力量性训练手段的选用,提高对肌腱的训练效果,重视专项力量训练对神经系统的作用功效。

Through analyzing the elite's push-off technique on curved track at 2002 world speed skating championship, it was believed that during the stroke there was an obvious difference in work mode of muscle group between the clap skates and traditional skates. Thus, a viewpoint was put forward in the paper that the degree of explosive force of stroke technique in speed skating should be re-examined. Because the different work ways of muscle group existed, it should be noted that for strength training the manner of developing speed-strength should applied dominantly. The training effects on the tendon should be increased and the utility efficiency of special strength to nervous system should be paid attention.