不同熟性陆地棉杂种优势研究

Studies on heterosis in combinations of cotton varieties with different ripening stage

通过陆地棉早、中、中晚不同熟性品种杂交,研究不同熟性陆地棉品种间杂种优势表现及其遗传效应,探讨早熟、高产、优质相结合的组合类型及遗传效应。结果表明,陆地棉品种间早×中和中×中组配方式不论早熟性还是产量和纤维品质都有较强杂种优势,陆地棉早×早在早熟性上有更多超亲组合,但是产量和品质性状不及其他组配方式,而早×中晚、中×中晚和中晚×中晚虽然也有早熟性超亲组合,但总体生育期要比早×中、中×中长,产量和品质性状不及中×中和早×中。

The heterosis and the genetic effects of combinations of upland cotton varieties with different ripening stage (early, medium, mid-late) were investigated so as to determine the combination types with the features of early ripening,higher yield and better quality. The results showed that the early×medium type and the medium×medium type of upland cotton had stronger hetorosis in ripening stage, yield and fibre quality. In the early×early combination of upland cotton, more transgressive early hybrids were found, yet its yield and quality were inferior to other types of combination. Transgressive early hybrids were also obtained in the combinations of early×mid-late, medium×mid-late and mid-late×mid-late, but their growth period was generally longer than the early×medium and medium×medium hybrids, and their yield and quality were below the medium×medium and early×medium hybrids.