狮子山铜尾矿植物对铜的吸收及土壤特性的影响

The uptake of copper by plants in Shizishan copper tailing mine and effects produced by the plants on soil characteristics

我国铜矿储藏丰富,铜矿开采带来巨大经济利益的同时,也对生态环境造成极大的破坏,这种恶劣的环境严重阻碍了植物的定居,但是自然界物种繁多,总有一些植物能适应这种环境而生存下来。本文通过对狮子山优势植物吸收和积累铜的分析,发现这些植物均能富集较多的铜,在土壤铜含量很高的情况下,依然生长旺盛,没有出现受害症状,成为尾矿上的优势种,并形成了单优群落或多优小群落。这些植物的存在改变了土壤的理化特性,降低了土壤中的重金属的含量,提高了土壤的全N、全P、全K和有机质含量,一定程度上改善了土壤的不良环境,在尾矿的植被恢复和土壤修复中起着非常重要的作用。

There was abundant copper mineral resources in China.Exploitation of copper mineral resources brought huge economic interests,but destroyed ecological environment either.This bad environment severely blocked plants existing in copper mine zone,but some plants could adapt to it and lived well.Analysis on the uptake and accumulation of copper showed that these plants in Shizishan copper tailing mine could accumulate much copper under the condition of high copper,these plants still grew vigorous,and have no poisonous symptoms, what's more,they became superior species and form predominant communities.These plants decreased heaevy metals in soil;improved total N,P,K,and organic matter;changed the bad physical and chemical characteristics of soil in some degree;playd an important part in vegetation rehabilitation and soil remediation.