事实命题、价值命题、规范命题及其逻辑

Fact Proposition, Value Proposition, Norm Proposition and Their Logic

真假是命题的基本特征。莱布尼咨最先把命题的真区分为必然真和事实真,其后休谟把命题划分为事实命题和价值命题。价值命题的认同产生各种各样的社会规范,逻辑学家对规范和规范命题的研究形成了规范逻辑(道义逻辑)。规范逻辑近半个世纪正在从静态逻辑走向动态逻辑。

True and false is the basic quality of proposition. Leibniz was the first to divide the truth of proposition into necessary truth and factual truth. Later Hume divided proposition into fact proposition and value proposition. Various social norms occurred in agreement with value propositions. Logicians formed deontic logic or normal logic by studying these norms and normal proposition. Normal logic has been moving forward towards dynamic logic from static logic in the last 50 years.