汽车碰撞试验台动力学模型建立与分析

Setup and Analysis of Dynamic Model for Vehicle Impact Test System

汽车碰撞试验已经成为我国强制性法规试验检测项目,而汽车碰撞试验台的动力特性是进行试验台能力设计、弹射过程控制、速度控制等的基础。本文分析了基于橡皮绳储能介质的汽车碰撞弹射试验台,建立充分考虑橡皮绳质量、摩擦系数、车辆质量、旋转质量因素和空气阻力等影响因子的试验台动力学模型,并经试验得到很好的验证,并提出基于过程动力特性方程的控制算法,所得结论可为同类试验台架系统设计和提高过程控制提供理论参考。

Vehicle impact test is one of the mandatory tests for vehicle design regulations in China. The dynamic characteristics of the vehicle impact test system is the basis of the study which involves capability design, process control and speed control. This paper analyzes the vehicle impact test system equipped with the rubber cords, one of the actuating media, presents a biodynamic model which includes the influence of the mass of rubber cords and vehicles, friction coefficient, moment of inertia and air resistance, and develops a process control arithmetic for the dynamic characteristics. The biodynamic model is validated by the data of vehicle test under some special conditions. The conclusions of this paper are helpful for the design of similar test systems, and could improve the precision of process control.