蔬菜中重金属特征研究

The feature Research of Heavy Metals in Vegetable

重金属在蔬菜中的含量随不同的蔬菜种类和品种差异明显。重金属平均含量明显较高的蔬菜品种有苋菜、莴笋、生菜、葱子;变异系数较大的蔬菜品种有莲白、海椒、葱子。叶菜类中大部分重金属含量高于果菜类。不同蔬菜种类相关性分析表明相关性程度为叶菜类>果菜类,不同蔬菜品种相关程度为莴笋>莲白>四季豆>葱子>海椒>生菜>苋菜。重金属群集分析表明不同蔬菜品种重金属间的协同、拮抗作用差异较大,同类蔬菜品种重金属含量具有相似性。同国家食品卫生限量标准比较发现超标的蔬菜品种主要为叶菜类,超标地区主要在近郊区,超标的重金属主要为Pb、Cd。

The differences of the contents of heavy metals are obvious in the different vegetable kinds and breeds. The vegetable breeds which average contents of heavy metal are high have three-coloured amaranth, asparagus lettuce, raw vegetable, onion; which variable coefficient of heavy metals are big have cabbage, hot pepper, onion. The contents of many heavy metals in leaf vegetable are bigger than in fruit and vegetable. The correlation analysis in the different vegetable kinds shows that the correlation degree is bigger in leaf vegetable than in fruit and vegetable. The correlation analysis of heavy metals displays the correlation degree of the different vegetable breeds is bigger in asparagus lettuce than in cabbage than in kidney bean than in onion than in hot pepper than in raw vegetable than in three-coloured amaranth. The classify analysis of heavy metals shows that the coordination and formal of heavy metals are large differences in the different vegetable breeds, and the contents of heavy metals of same vegetable breeds have similarity. We find that the main vegetable breeds that beyond standards are leaf vegetable, and the areas that beyond standards main are in the outskirts of a town, and the main heavy metals that beyond standards are Pb Cd.