船舶机舱的自然通风

Natural ventilation for engine room on ship

以目前自然通风的研究成果为基础,结合船舶机舱通风的特点,从理论上分析了机舱自然通风的原理,初步探讨了热压和风压对机舱通风的作用.机舱通风热压的大小取决于机舱内外空气密度的差值、烟囱上的排风口的高度、空气在进风管内吸热的多少以及进风口的高度,机舱如果采用自然进风,必须采用横截面积较大的风管,并尽量减少弯头和节点.自然风压的大小取决于船速和风速的大小,适当地安排进风口和排风口的位置,就可以充分利用风压,达到既能促进进风又能促进排风的作用.自然风压、热压和机械风压对船舶机舱的通风可以起到共同促进的作用.

This paper based on the research of natural ventilation for factory and mine, taking into account the characteristic of engine room natural ventilation, theoretically analyses the principle of engine room ventilation and the function of thermal pressure and wind pressure in the ventilation. The value of thermal pressure depends on the difference of the temperature between the engine room and the environment, the height of the outlet port, the quantity of heat absorbed by air flowing throw the air inlet pips and the height of inlet port. A set of air inlet pipes with bigger diameter and fewer elbows and nodes is necessary for the purpose of efficient natural ventilation. The value of wind pressure depends on the velocity of wind and ship. By properly selecting the position of inlet and outlet ports, wind pressure can boost the ventilation, and all thermal pressure, wind pressure and air pressure resulting from axial fan can serve the ventilation in the same positive direction.