文化精神、制度变迁与经济增长——中国与印度经济比较的理论反思

Cultural Spirit,Systematic Change and Economic Growth

比较近些年来中国和印度在经济增长速度和经济整体绩效方面的差异 ,反思当代印度社会的体制结构和中国经济改革过程中的制度变迁路径 ,发现 :一 ,对经济增长而言 ,市场的制度规则是重要的 ,但可能并不像新制度经济学家们所相信的那样是决定性的。二 ,市场的制度规则 ,只有在一定的文化氛围中方能发挥起合意的作用 ,而内在于市场运行中的商业伦理规范 ,对市场本身扩展而言 ,其作用可能是根本性的。三 ,对一个社会、一个国家、一个地区的经济增长孕育机制而言 ,商业精神尤为重要。

Through a comparison of China and India in terms of their economic growth and overall achievements,India's social system and China's systematic changes, the author has reached the following conclusion: 1. As for economic growth, the systematic rules are important but not so decisive as supposed by Neo-institutional economists. 2. The systematic market rules have their functions in a certain cultural environment. The business ethics plays a crucial role in expanding the market. 3. As for the mechanism of economic growth in a given society, a country or a region, business spirit is crucially important.