论春秋时期孔子不为列国所用的原因

On Confucius Failure in His Political Pursuit inthe Spring and Autumn Period

孔子一生有志于仕途 ,希望以此实现自己的政治抱负 ,但他的学说在春秋时代并未真正获得各诸侯国执政者的赏识 ,主要原因有二 :其一 ,尽管孔子是以“仁”作为其学说的核心 ,但他好周礼 ,把“礼”视为“仁”的外在表现形式 ,欲以“礼”规范“仁” ,并以“复礼”作为其政治纲领 ,不合时宜 ;其二 ,孔子迂阔、直傲、不苟且的性情虽然难能可贵 ,但却使自己显得更象个狷者、狂者 ,而不适合从政 ,他既不愿降志辱身以求进取 ,被排除在官场之外 ,实乃必然之事。

Confucius had his lifetime interest in official career,in order to realize his political ambition.But his theory was not appreciated by those kingdom-state rulers in the Spring and Autumn Period.The primary causes are:firstly,Confucius enjoyed ceremonial rites and regulations of the Zhou Dynasty and wanted to renew those that were dated;secondly,Confucius had a straight and proud temperament that was not fit for the engagement in politics.