萨特与新时期文学中“人”的发现与重构

Discovery and Reconstruction of Human Paradigm in New-Era Literature Under the Influence of Sartre

作为20世纪80年代在中国最具影响的当代西方文化思潮之一,萨特存在主义哲学首先启迪和深化了70年代末以来文学表现人生和自我的发展情状,特别是促进了"先锋派"文学"自我"表现的转型;其次,从上世纪80年代末至90年代,标榜"新写实"、"新生代"和"晚生代"的一批作家先后登上文坛,他们的创作在一定程度上体现了萨特话语的中国转化。由于时代氛围和社会生活环境的差异,80、90年代作家对萨特存在主义话语的文学解读和叙述方式有着很大不同,这意味着在萨特影响下中国新时期文学中"人"的观念已经走向重构。

As one of the most influential contemporary western cultural trends, Sartrean Existentialism enlightened and deepened the literary presentation of Self and life since 1970s, which was especially true of Avant Garde literary movement. From the late 1980s to 1990s, New Realism, New Generation, Late Generation stepped upon literary stage, their writings indicate a kind of Sinolization of Sartrean discourse. Due to the differences of time atmosphere and social environment, authors of 1980s and 1990s are very much different in interpreting and narrating Sartrean discourse, which means human paradigm in New Era Chinese literature under the Sartrean influence has been reconstructed.