汉武帝时期丞相频更因由之分析

Analysis of the Causes for the Frequent Changes of Prime Ministers in the Reign of Emperor Wudi

汉武帝执政五十三年,前后更换十二人为相,执政之长,更换丞相之频繁,秦汉诸帝比之不及。究其原因,不仅与武帝一生的履历、性格有关,更与当时社会变动不居的大背景需求有关,直接原因则是秉相者本人。武帝时期丞相的拜命及相权的变化,可分为稳定、削弱和恢复三个阶段,反映出这一时期西汉统治集团沿循着由固步自封到顺应时势、有所创新,再回到面对现实、再调机制"三步曲"的道路。

In his long reign of 53 years, Emperor Wudi changed 12 prime ministers. In this aspect, no other emperors could be compared with him. The reasons may be traced not only to his life personal details and his characters, but also to the then changing society. The more direct reason might be the prime ministers themselves. The changes of the prime ministers can be divided into three stages of stability, meakening and restoration, which shows that in this period the XiHan ruling clique, beginning from standing still and refusing to make progress, followed trend, became initiative, faced the reality and readjusted its mechanism.