辣椒炭疽病抗病性鉴定技术及利用

Studies on the Inoculation Technique for Resistant Varieties of Pepper to Anthracnose and the Application

通过单因子和双因子实验,研究了辣椒炭疽病接种体制备方法及接种时期、接种方法、接种浓度、调查时期和保湿时间对辣椒抗炭疽病的影响,摸索出一套适合辣椒炭疽病红熟果实接种的简便、可行、稳定、准确的抗病性鉴定方法。其要点是利用豇豆荚组织培养基繁殖炭疽病菌,以3×106个/mL的孢子悬浮液,在(26±2)℃的温度下,采用多针接种法接种甜、辣椒红熟期果实,黑暗保湿3 d,甜、辣椒对炭疽病的抗性可以在接种后7 d表现出来。应用该方法对甜、辣椒育种材料进行抗病性筛选,表明我国甜、辣椒中存在着对育种具有应用价值的炭疽病抗源。

Pepper (Capsicum annuum.) anthracnose caused by colletotrichum capsici is the most destructive disease reducing marketable fruit yields and decreasing fruit quality of pepper in China. This experiment as a fundamental research for resistance breeding was conducted to establish more reliable screening method based on sporulation of colletotrichum capsici for inoculum preparation, and inoculation methods combining inoculation stage, inoculation method, inoculum concentrations, post-inoculation wetness duration and evaluation date for testing resistance. Sporulation of colletotrichum capsici was most abundant on Cowpea pod tissue medium for 10-14 days under 28 ℃ with darkness. A 0.02 mL droplet of irroculum(3×106 spores/mL)was placed on the wound-ripe red fruits pricked with multi-pins, and keep humidity of 90%-100% at (26±2) ℃ for 3 days with darkness, the 7th day after inoculation was the optimal period for evaluation resistance in pepper. With this screening method,7 resistant varieties (lines) was obtained from 19 pepper germplasm, which can be used to pepper breeding of disease resistance.