论美国教育改革的市场机制及其公平问题

On the Market Mechanism and the Issue Equity In American Education Reform

教育市场化改革运用了市场的顾客战略、竞争机制、非中心化和自主决策原则,并完善产权制度以促进美国教育效率的提高。但是,市场本位的教育改革是一把双刃剑,在提高效率的同时,却引起了公平问题,白人、中产阶级、富人等强势阶层的孩子更多地享有了教育改革的成果,而少数种族、贫困者等弱势阶层在教育改革中处境更加不利,越发边缘化。这也许是美国教育改革钟摆现象的再次表现。

Since the 1980s, the market based education reform has been one of the most important education reforms in the US. It takes advantage of custom strategy, competitive mechanism, principle of selfdecision and property right system. It improves the efficiency of American education as well as brings about the issue of equity.