“贤妻良母”的文化演变及现实诉求

The Role of "the Understanding Wife and Loving Mother": Its Cultural Evolution and Realistic Quest

“贤妻良母”的文化内涵在不同的社会制度下和不同的时代中呈现不同的特质。现从“贤妻良母”在传统文化中的性别角色和地位、在妇女解放中的文化阐释以及自身的身份认同与面临的挑战三个角度加以论述。在封建社会,“贤妻良母”仅仅作为没有主体意识的性别符号而存在。近代社会以来,以培养“贤母”为目的而取得的妇女平等的教育权,打开了中国妇女解放的通道。中国共产党使妇女走出家庭,获得了参加公共劳动的权利,实现了妇女解放。然而,女性鲜明的社会性别特征,决定了她们在男性中心社会里不会完全走出“贤妻良母”的角色。所以,在社会主义初级阶段,“贤妻良母”的角色既得到了认同,又面临着危机。

The cultural connotations of the understanding wife and loving mother bear different characteristics in different social systems of different times. The article expounds on the role in three aspects including its sex role and position in traditional culture,its cultural interpretations in women's liberation,and women's identity in themselves and the challenges they face. In the feudal society,'the understanding wife and loving mother'only exists as a sex symbol without subject consciousness. In modern times, women s equal rights for education to cultivate the good mother' pave the way to Chinese women's liberation. It is the CPC that leads women to step out of their families, to obtain the right to participate in public labour, and to win their libertion. However, women's distinct sex character determines their role as 'the understanding wife and loving mother'in a male- dominated world. As a result, the role of 'the understanding wife and loving mother'is recognized and still faces challenges in the primary stage of socialism.