讲座和同伴教育对理工科大学生艾滋病相关知识、态度的影响

Effects of Lectures and Peer Education on Knowledge and Attitudes about AIDS among Students of College of Science and Engineering

目的 了解艾滋病相关知识讲座、同伴教育的效果。方法 采用整群抽样方法 ,抽取上海电力学院大学二年级 8个班级学生 ,共 2 77人 ,男 1 96人 ,女 81人 ;其中 4个班级 1 3 6人参加艾滋病相关知识讲座学习(简称讲座组 ) ,其中男生 97人、女生 3 9人 ;另外 4个班级 1 41人参加同伴教育学习 (简称同伴教育组 ) ,其中男生 99人、女生 42人。两种教育方法结束后 ,均进行问卷调查。结果 教育前 ,大部分学生都知道艾滋病的主要传播途径 ,两组间无明显差别。但是 ,他们对日常接触能否传播艾滋病等问题了解很少 ,并有大部分人对艾滋病患者持有偏见 ,两组间无明显差别。教育后 ,学生的艾滋病相关知识明显增加 ,两组间无明显差异。学生对艾滋病患者的态度明显改善 ,两组间差异显著。结论 知识讲座和同伴教育对提高学生的艾滋病知识水平有效 ,其中 ,同伴教育对改善学生对艾滋病患者及感染者的态度更加有效。

Objective To investigate and compare the effects of lecture and peer education on the knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 277 sophomores of electric power college,196 male and 81 female ,in 8 classes ,selected by cluster sampling to investigate their knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS. Then lecture was given to 136 sophomores ,97 male and 39 female,in 4 randomly selected classes,and peer education was give to 141 sophomores,99 male and 42 female,in another 4 classes with 8 peer educators, 4 male and 4 female,from AIDS/STD/Safer Sex in the forms of discussion,lecture, game.After the two kinds of education were finished,another questionnaire survey was conducted. Results Before the education,most of the students in the 2 groups knew rather well about the main transmission routes of AIDS without a significant difference between these 2 groups (all P>0.05). However,they knew little about the questions such as the possibility of transmission of HIV by daily contact and a great proportion of them failed to show active attitudes towards AIDS and HIV-positive persons,without a significant difference between these 2 groups too (all P>0.05). The relevant AIDS knowledge rates were significantly increased in comparison with those before education (all P<0.01),however,without significant differences between these 2 groups (all P>0.05). After education,the attitudes towards AIDS and HIV-positive persons were significantly improved in comparison with those before education (all P<0.01),and with significant differences between these 2 groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion Lecture and peer education are effective on improvement of the knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS for students of college of science and engineering. Peer education is more effective in AIDS attitudes.