诉之预备合并的比较与借鉴

诉之预备合并是有顺位的诉讼合并方式 ,其构成有特殊的要件。预备合并又分为客观的诉之预备合并和主观的诉之预备合并。在大陆法系诉讼法发展的历史上 ,预备合并之诉的合法性经过了长期的争论与摇摆。现今各大陆法系国家的民事诉讼都已承认客观的预备合并之诉的实用价值。但对于它的具体程度有不同的学说观点和实际做法。对于主观的诉之预备合并 ,仍有学说和判例持否定态度 ,而肯定说的观点正日益获得更多的认同。在我国民事诉讼中设立预备合并之诉 ,应当解决如何判断主位请求“败诉”和诉讼费用的负担等实务问题。

The preliminary joinder of actions is a kind of joinder with special structural elements,and in history it's legitimacy was once in question.Now it is acknowledged wordwide,but it's concrete processes and practices are still different in various countries.In China,in order to apply this sort of action,we must solve the question of how to judge the “loss”in action and allot the fee of suit.