生态系统可持续管理的原理和方法

Principles and methods of sustainable management of ecosystem

人口、资源与环境是当前社会关注的重点 ,三者相互依存 ,互为影响 ,因此如何协调三者之间的关系显得极为重要 ,它关系到人类社会的可持续发展。生态系统作为人类生存条件-资源和环境的保育基础 ,其管理的重要性已被广泛认识和接受。本文运用生态学、管理学等原理 ,从生态系统结构、功能和过程等特征出发 ,详细论述了生态系统可持续管理的原理、手段和方法。并依据生态系统的不确定性和对管理的反馈作用 ,强调了适应性管理是实现生态系统可持续管理的基本途径 。

Population,resources and environmental problems are the focus concerned by current society.They depend on each other for existence and interact.So it is important to make them in line,which is correlative with the sustainable development of anthropic society.Ecological systems are the condition of anthropic survival and the basis of the care of resources and environment.The significance of ecosystem management has been understood and accepted.This paper discussed the principles,means and methods of sustainable ecosystem management according to ecological and management principles.It hasd been emphasized that adaptive management was the basic approach to realize sustainable ecosystem management according to the uncertainty of ecosystem and its feedback to management.This paper provided the theoretic foundation for the case study of sustainable ecosystem management.