溶胶-凝胶生物包囊化物的制备与特性

Preparation and Property of Bioencapsulate by A Sol-Gel Approach

溶胶 凝胶法以其高效、简便、通用性强等特点而越来越广泛地用于生物分子如蛋白质、酶、DNA、RNA、抗体以及细胞等的固定化 ,所得生物活性材料在生物催化、生物传感、生物医学诊断等领域具有良好的应用前景。本文主要介绍溶胶 凝胶法包埋生物分子的基本过程 ,包埋后生物分子在凝胶基质中的构象变化和运动状态 ,被分析物或底物与生物分子活性位点的接触情况以及生物分子的活性和稳定性等。最后 ,对溶胶 凝胶生物包囊化的发展趋势进行了简单分析。

Sol-gel method is very efficient, facile and generic for biomolecule immobilization. Proteins, enzymes, DNA, RNA, as well as cells and organelles have been successfully encapsulated in sol-gel matrix for biocatalysis, biosensing and biomedical diagnosis. Some properties concerning sol-gel bio-encapsulation are introduced, including the basic process of sol-gel bioencapsulation, the configuration, dynamics, accessibility, activity and stability of encapsulated biomolecules. The development tendency of sol-gel bio-encapsulation is briefly analyzed.