后现代语境下的“写文化”与“写文化之后”

Writing Culture and After Writing Culture in Post-modern Context

80年代，人类学曾经出现了一个引人注目的“写文化”大论争，其代表就是《写文化：民族志的诗学和政治学》与《作为文化批评的人类学：一个人文学科的实验时代》。其核心问题就是民族志写作中的修辞、叙事的政治和策略等，对传统民族志提出反思和挑战。之后，一些人类学家鉴于“写文化”基本只是提出问题，却没有提供答案，于1998年结集出版了《写文化之后：当代人类学的认识论和实践》，试图提出一些可能的方案。反观“写文化”和“写文化之后”，我们可以看到一些对人类学理论和实践发展具有深刻意义的方面。

In 1980's,there was a hot debate on the issue of'writing culture'in anthropology.Writing Culture and Anthropology as Cultural Critique are the representative works of it.The core issue of this debate is the rhetoric,the politics and strategy of narration in the writing of ethnography,which challenged the traditional ethnography.After that,some anthropologists who were not content with just posing a question published a book named After Writing Culture,trying to give an answer to that question.Now when we review 'writing culture' and 'after writing culture',we can learn some lessons from it,which is helpful to the development of anthropology.