社会经济地位对居民健康公平的影响

Research of Socioeconomic Status effects Health Disparity

社会经济地位指个人或群体在阶级社会中的位置。社会经济地位是职业、教育、收入、财富以及居住地区等指标的综合反映。社会学家常用社会经济地位作为预测人们行为的一种手段与方式。据对社会经济地位与居民健康状况有关的研究发现收入差距与健康密切相关;社会经济地位与健康之间有一个梯度关系,而且这并不是只发生在贫困层面;医疗保健服务对健康差距产生的作用比较小;社会经济因素通过多种渠道影响居民的健康状况。

Socioeconomic status(SES)is strongly associated with risk of disease and mortality.This article reviewed mechanisms through which SES affects health and the association of SES with health outcomes in different ways.Socioeconomic status relates to health at all levels of the SES,such as education,income,profession and access to care.In order to reduce significantly SES differences in health.Attention should be paid both in health policy and in clinical practice to other SES related factors that may influencepatterns of health and disease.