经皮扩张气管置管术的疗效观察及护理对策

The Clinical Effect and Nursing Strategic of Percutaneous Dilation Trachea Cannula

目的 探讨经皮气管置管术 (PDT)的临床疗效及护理对策。方法 12 8例需气管切开的危重患者随机分为PDT组 (观察组 )和气管切开组 (对照组 ) ,观察组行经皮气管置管术 ,对照组行气管切开插管。比较两组的操作时间、切口大小、观察伤口愈合时间及并发症的发生率。结果 观察组的手术操作时间、切口长度和气管导管拔除后切口的愈合时间均显著低于对照组P <0 .0 0 0 1。观察组有 2例皮下气肿和 1例操作中出血。对照组有 6例出血、1例感染 ,两组并发症发生率无统计学意义 (χ2 =1.0 81,P >0 .0 5 )。结论 经皮气管置管术创伤小 ,手术过程简单、方便 ,良好护理能提高疗效 ,具有临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and nursing strategic of percutaneous dilation trachea cannula (PDT). Methods 128 cases were randomly divided into two groups, the PDT group(the observing group) and the tracheotomy group(the control group). We observed the operating time, incision length, healing time and complications. Results The operated time, incision length, healing time were much shorter in PDT group than those in tracheotomy group, P<0.0001. In PDT group, there were 2 cases subcutaneous emphysema and 1 case bleeding. In tracheotomy group, there were 6 cases bleeding and 1 case infection. There were not significant differences between two groups(χ 2= 1.081, P>0.05). Conclusions PDT was worth of clinical applying, because of its light wound and simple operation course.