及物性过程理论与英汉语义功能等效翻译

Process Theory of Transitivity and Equivalent Translation of Semantic Functions Between English and Chinese

本文运用韩礼德的小句和小句复合体理论 ,从 5个方面阐述及物性过程与英汉语义功能等效翻译问题。第一小节为引言 ,说明翻译者的任务是使原语与目标语在语义、功能、文体 3方面达到等效 ,提出韩礼德的系统功能语言学对翻译具有实用性和可操作性。第 2小节阐述小句过程主要动词与英汉语义功能等效翻译问题 ,通过英汉实例对比 ,说明英汉过程翻译的对应关系和可行性。过程主要动词的选择是翻译的根基 ,是达到语义功能等效翻译的最佳途径。第 3小节主要通过毛泽东诗词《重上井冈山》译文实例分析 ,阐述小句复合体逻辑依赖关系和逻辑语义关系对小句之间主要动词关系的选择问题 ,说明主要动词选择在翻译中的有效性。第 4小节主要说明英语和汉语过程形式的差异以及达到等效的策略和方法。第 5小节为结束语 ,说明韩礼德及物性过程理论对翻译达到语义功能等效的实用性和可操作性。

By making use of the theories of clause and clause complex, this paper illustrates the problems of equivalent translation between process of transtivity and semantic functions within five aspects. The first section is an introduction. It explains translators' task is to make native language and target language equivalent in meaning ,function and style, and at the same time puts forward the hypothesis that Halliday's systemic--functional linguistics is practical and available in translation. The second section shows the equivalent effects of the main verbs of clause processes and semantic functions between English and Chinese. By contrasting the examples between English and Chinese, it demonstrates the correspondent relationship of process translation between English and Chinese and its availability in translation. The choice of main verbs is the basis of translation and the best way to arrive at the equivalence in meaning and function. By analyzing the translated text Revisited Jiggong Mountains written by Mao Zedong, the third section illustrates the choices of main verbs between clauses according to the logical dependency relations and logico- semantic relations, and shows that the choice of main verbs is effective in translation. The fourth section tries to show the formal differences of processes in English and Chinese and points out the strategies and the methods to achieve equivalence in translation. The fifth section is a conclusion. It lays stress on proving the fact that Halliday's clause process theory of transtivity is practical and available in equivalent translation.