浙江省开化县肾综合征出血热监测结果分析

Analysis of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Surveillance in Kaihua County of Zhejiang Province

目的 掌握肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)流行规律与疫源地类型 ,控制HFRS流行 ,制定防制对策。方法 采用间接免疫荧光法检测HFRS病人血清中抗体 ,采用直接免疫荧光法检测鼠肺汉坦病毒抗原。结果 监测点 19年来共发病 45 11例 ,检测小兽 40 93只 ,阳性 2 5 9只 ,带病毒率为 6.3 3 %,野外鼠种以黑线姬鼠为优势种 ,占 82 .3 0 %,其带病毒率为 8.90 %;褐家鼠为居民区优势种 ,占 66.70 %,居民区大足鼠带病毒率为 6.47%,褐家鼠带病毒率为 5 .3 8%;夏季和冬春季有两个发病高峰 ,以青壮年农民发病最多。结论 疫区宿主动物带病毒率较高 ,应选择灭鼠、健康教育和疫苗接种控制疫情。

Objective To study the epidemic characteristics,determine the type of epidemic focus, and make the preventive strategy of HFRS. Methods FAT was used to detect HV antigen in lungs of mice, and IFAT for antibody detection in HFRS patients. Results In the last 19 years, a total of 4 511 cases occurred in the whole county. Among 4 093 small animals examined, 259( 6.33% ) were positive for HV antigen. Apodemus agrarins was dominant in wild rats ( 82.30% ). Its HV positive rate was 8.90% ; Rattus norregicus was dominant in domestic rats ( 66.70% ). The HV positive rates for Rattus nitiuds and Rattus norvegicus were 6.47% and 5.38% . Two incidence peak periods were found in summer and winter spring. Most of the cases were young and middle aged peasants. Conclusion The host animals in epidemic zone had a high HV positive rate. Deratization, health education and vaccination were necessary for epidenics control.