某水电站地下厂房硐室群岩爆预测与防治研究

Study on rock burst prediction and prevention for underground of a hydroelectric station eaverns

拟建某水电站的大型地下厂房硐室群处于中等偏高的地应力环境中,在前期的勘探过程中已发现一些与岩爆密切相关的地质现象。因此合理地评价其开挖过程中岩爆发生的可能性、岩爆的烈度、分布范围以及相应的预测防治措施具有重要的工程意义。基于此,文章首先从岩爆发生的基本条件、地质宏观评价的角度对硐室群施工过程中岩爆发生的可能性进行了评估;然后,分别采用定性方法和工程地质类比法对该地下硐室群岩爆发生的烈度进行了评价;进而根据三维有限元模拟结果对岩爆发生的部位进行了圈定。最后,针对所研究的地下硐室群的具体情况,提出了相应的防治措施,即加强监测和超前预报,并采用以围岩弱化为主,围岩强化为辅的治理措施。

The large-scale underground caverns of a planned hydropower station locate in a zone with moderate to high geostress. And there found some geological phenomena repating to rock burst during the previous exploration. so it is important to assess the possibility, intensity and scope of rock burst surrounding the underground caverns properly and to study the measures for preventing rock burst. In this paper, the occurrence possibility of rock burst during the process of the studied underground caverns constructing is analyzed firstly based on the basal conditions which lead to rock bust occur and geological macro evaluation. Then the intensity of rock burst is studied with qualitative method and quantitative method and its positions of each cavern are found. At last the prevention measures are put forward according to the idiographic conditions of studied underground caverns.