8Punithalingam,E,Waterston,J.M. Ustilago nuda.[Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria][R].IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria,1970.28.
9K.Vánky. European Smut Fungi.Milton C.Medeiros and J.Nielsen,1997.Physiologic Races of loose smut of wheat (Ustilago Tritici) in Brazil[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,1994.1033-1039.
10JAMES MENZIES,ROD MCLEOD,LAURA TOSI,CURGONIO CAPPELLI. Occurrence of a carboxin-resistant strain of Ustilago nuda in Italy[J].Phytopathologia Mediterranea,2005.216-219.