清代西北地区农业开发与农牧业经济结构的变迁

Northwest agricultural development and economic structural change in the Qing Dynasty

清代在西北地区实施农业开发的过程中 ,主要采取移民实边、兴修水利、调拨生产工具、推广农业生产技术和农作物优良品种等措施 ,解决西北开发过程中所需要的人力和物力资源。清代西北地区的农业开发 ,不仅解决了当地驻军和居民的粮食供给问题 ,而且对传统的经济结构产生了重要的影响 。

In the Qing dynasty, agricultural development in northwest China depended on such measures as immigration, irrigation construction, tools transfer and agricultural technology and superior crop varieties extension to provide manpower and material resources. The paper estimates the agrarian area according to the local chronicles and suggests that the northwest agricultural development not only resolves the food supply problem for the garrison and local people, but also greatly affects the local traditional economic structure and establishes the leading position of agricultural economy in the social economical life.