银杏酚酸类物质防治农业害虫的研究

RESEARCH ON PREVENTION AND ELIMINATION OF AGRICULTURAL PESTS BY GINKGO PHENOLS AND PHENOLIC ACIDS

银杏酚酸类物质即银杏酸、银杏酚和白果酚是从银杏(GinkgobilobaL.)外种皮中分离得到的杀虫活性成分。利用银杏外种皮粗提物配制的生物农药,具有广谱防治农业害虫的作用。

Ginkgo extract,ginkgo phenols and ginkgo phenolic acids were extracted from exotesta of Ginkgo biloba L.followed by separation and isolation procedures respectively.Ginkgo extract contains ginkgo phenols(55.5%) and ginkgolic acids(14.2%) which are the effective constituents against pests.Experiments on prevention and elimination of agricultural pests were carried out.Results showed that ginkgo phenols and phenolic acids were effective against cotton aphids,vegetable aphids,cabbage caterpillars and thrips,the effectiveness of which were comparable with those of fenralete phoxim,imidacloptid and decis.It is a pesticide from natural resources of low toxicity(LD_(50)>(5000 mg/kg)).The utilization of ginkgo extract not only makes use of exotesta of G.biloba,which is abundant but not yet (utilized),discarded as waste to pollute environment,but also provides a non-toxic pesticide for the production of green vegetables and fruits.