田头菇杂交种“滇A_3×s”的选育研究

Breeding of strain “Dian A_3×s” of Agrocybe

该项选育研究应用自然生态标记法和酯酶同工酶为遗传标记,选择种性特殊、与现有栽培品种差异较大的滇As 99和常规栽培品种杨树菇3号为亲本材料,应用田头菇的种间原生质体融合技术,选择具有双亲本杂交优势的原生质体杂合子单核体作为受体亲本,以滇As 99的单核体为供体亲本,进行单孢对称杂交,选育出优良品性稳定和更优于双亲本的杂种第二代(F2)田头菇新品种"滇A3×s"。该菌株酯酶同工酶呈典型的杂合态,菌丝体培养特性与高产亲本杨树菇3号相似,子实体外观、品质和栽培特点与野生驯化种滇As 99相似。该品种平均单产比亲本提高60%～80%,具有较强的抗逆性,适应性广,在10℃仍能结菇,耐储运,商品性好,遗传性状稳定,是一个具有优良农艺性状的新品种。

In this study, the naturally ecotypical marker technology and esterase isozyme zymograms were used as genetic marker.The special strain Dian As-99 and common cultivated strain Agrocybe cylindracea No.3 were selected as parental combination.The protoplast single nucleus cell heterozygotes were chose as parental acceptor,and the single nucleus cells of Dian As-99 were as donor in the crossing by racial protoplast fusion technology of Agrocybe cylindracea.In the second filial(F2) generation,a new steady strain Dian A_3×s was gained.The esterase isozyme zymograms of new strain was typical heterozygosis,the cultivation characteristics of mycelial were similar to high-yield cultivate strain Agrocybe cylindracea No.3,and the aspect and character of fruitbody, cultivation characteristics were similar to the strain Dian As-99,which was domesticated.The results showed that the Dian A_3×s had excellent agronomic characteristics.