一种超弹性SMA复合阻尼器的设计与试验

Design and experimental investigation of superelast ic SMA damper

根据形状记忆合金 (SMA)的超弹性特性 ,设计、制造了一种SMA复合摩擦阻尼器 ,该阻尼器利用SMA超弹性阻尼与SMA丝的约束作用使阻尼器内部产生摩擦来共同耗散振动能量 .介绍了阻尼器的结构构造及工作原理 .通过试验研究了加载频率、位移幅值对阻尼器力学性能的影响 .试验结果表明 ,在试验频率范围内 ,阻尼器的刚度、输出力、耗能等主要力学参数随加载频率的改变而变化较小 ;位移幅值是影响这些力学参数的主要因素 ,当阻尼器在小位移的情况下 ,其刚度变化较小 ,而输出力和耗能与位移基本成线性关系 .但在大位移的情况下 ,阻尼器的输出力变化较小 ,而其割线刚度减小 ,耗能有大幅度的增加 .分析表明 。

Based on superelastic property of shape memory alloy (SMA), a SMA damper is designed and manufactured. The damper dissipates vibration energy by means of SMA superelastic damping and the friction between its inner members. Its construction and principle are introduced. Experiments were taken to investigate the influence of frequency and displacement amplitude on the damper's mechanical behavior. The results show that, in the range of experimental frequencies, the frequencies have slight effects on SMA damper's mechanical parameters such as stiffness, control force and dissipated energy; displacement amplitude is the major factor that affects SMA damper's mechanical behavior. Under small displacement the damper's stiffness has no change and its control force and dissipated energy increase linearly with displacement; under large displacement the damper's control force has slight change and its secant stiffness reduces, but its dissipated energy increases greatly. It can be concluded that the SMA damper is a displacement-correlated and variable-stiffness damper.