论“因材施教”的教学策略及其具体运作——兼谈处理教学统一要求与照顾个别差异的矛盾

On Teaching Students in Accordance with Their Aptitudes——To Deal with Correctly the Conflict between the Integrating Unity of All-round Qualities and the Individual Differences among the Students in Teaching

因材施教是处理好中小学教学的统一要求与照顾个别差异的矛盾的总体策略。这一策略的具体运作关键在于实施班级授课制下的分层次教学和采用“一般要求加特长”办法。因材施教的逻辑结论之一是 :既不能以放弃对学业后进生的培养为代价 ,更不能以放弃对学业尖子生的培养为代价。

Teaching students in accordance with their aptitudes is the total tactic teachers deal with the conflict between the integrating unity of all-round qualities and the individual differences among the students in teaching. From the viewpoint of the teaching theory the author expounds teaching students in accordance with their aptitudes and several major teaching tactics with which teachers can teach students in accordance with their aptitudes efficiently; teaching must have the integrating unity of all-round qualities; collective teaching deals with individual teaching and teaching in different levels; in teaching teachers should correctly deal with the differences among the students so as to facilitate students to raise their all-round qualities and develop their personalities and special skills.