摘要
本文综述了硝酸还原酶与氮素利用的关系及其遗传特性和在作物育种中应用的某些最新进展。氮吸收、利用等性状的生理和遗传特性极其复杂,受环境影响很大,对其进行遗传改良需考虑多种指标。对硝酸还原酶活性(NRA)与品质性状和产量的关系的争论很多,有些研究表明 NRA 可作为品质、产量性状的选择指标,有些则相反。逆境条件下 NRA 的变化非常敏感,NRA 可能与抗逆性有关。
This review sumarizes some current progresses in correlation of nitrate reductase activity (NRA)and nitrogen utilization and their possible applications on crop breeding.Nitrogen uptake and as- similation are physiologicaly and geneticaly complicated,and vary from one crop to another.In view of the fact that enviromental factors remarkably influence nitrogen uptake and utilizating efficiency,several crite- ria must be taken into account in procedures of crop improvement.There are many arguments on relation- ship between NRA and quality traits,some in agreement with the conclusion that NRA may be taken as a criterion for the selection of yield and quality,others being on the contrary.NRA sensitively varies with stress environments,and NRA may be used as a stress-resistance indicator for some crop plants.
基金
霍英东教育基金资助课题
关键词
硝酸还原酶
遗传
作物育种
氮素
nitrate reductase
nitrogen utilization efficiency
quality characters
stress-resistance
inheritance
crop breeding
