幼儿园儿童单纯性肥胖综合干预方案效果观察

Effects of a comprehensive intervention program on simple obesity of children in kindergarten

目的 观察以幼儿园为单位对单纯性肥胖儿童实行综合干预控制体重的效果。方法家园结合 ,通过家长会、保教人员培训、园领导督导考评等措施 ,推行行为矫正、适量运动、饮食调整的体重控制方案。设肥胖干预组 2 4例、肥胖对照组 19例、正常对照组 2 0例 ,通过观察体重、身高及体块指数等指标判定体重控制效果及是否影响儿童身高增长。结果 干预组及对照组肥胖儿体重控制总体有效率分别为 91 7%、15 8% ;干预组年人均体重增长较对照组低 4 1kg ;干预组体块指数下降显著低于肥胖对照组 (P <0 0 1) ;干预组身高增长与正常对照组相比差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 针对幼儿园儿童的特点 ,将肥胖矫治工作制定成以幼儿园为单位的、简明可行的实施方案 ,由园领导、保教人员、肥胖儿童、儿保医师、家长共同参与实施 ,对控制幼儿园儿童肥胖安全有效。

Objective The purpose of the study was to explore a comprehensive management program for the obese children in kindergarten. The program should be scientific, rational, suitable for kindergarten, and easy to apply. Child care workers, parents, and child health care doctors participated in the program to help obese children establish a scientific life style through their daily life , to control their weight and to maintain their physical and mental health. Methods The theories of behavior science, nutriology and kinematics were applied to make the weight control of obese children in kindergarten quantified and relatively standardized. Children were divided into three groups, intervened obese children, non-intervened obese children and normal children. Data such as weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were observed to assess the effect of weight control and define whether it affects the linear gain of children′s height. Results The recovery rate of intervened obese group, non-intervened group was 62.5% and 5.3%, respectively. The general effective rate was 91.7% and 15.8%, respectively. The weight gain of intervened group was 4.15 kg lower than that of non-intervened group. The BMI of intervened group significantly decreased by 2.9 as compared to the non-intervened group. The height gain of intervened group was similar to that of normal group. Parents and health care workers′ realization of children obesity and their corresponding actions, the behaviors of obese children at home and in kindergarten were changed toward the direction beheficial to weight control. Conclusion The implementation of the comprehensive intervention program for obesity in children, which involved obese children, child care worker, parents, and child care doctors alleviated the obesity level of those obese children without affecting their normal height gain. The program was safe and effective. Through the comprehensive intervention, the obese children could establish good habits during the sensitive period.