“玉石之路”的布局及其网络

On the Position & Network of "the Jade Road

1989年提出的"玉石之路"并非全国性的,而是实指从和田向东专运和田玉的"玉石之路",亦称"昆山玉路"。但在"和田玉路"形成之前,早在距今6000年时已出现了东北、东南等玉文化区的"玉石之路"及其相互间为了交流玉石而形成的玉石之路网络。"和田玉路"成为夏、商、周三代夷玉、越玉、鬼玉等玉石与中原及各地之间的交流途径。西汉武帝打通了通往西域的"丝绸之路",于是"玉石之路"便被人们遗忘了。宋代"玉石之路"又重新浮现上来,至20世纪后半叶方退出历史舞台。

The Jade Road put forward in 1989 was not nationwide.But it indicated the Jade Road (alse known as the Jade Road of Mount Kun) by which the Hetian Jade was especially transported from Hetian,Xinjiang Autonomus Region to the east. As early as 6000 years ago and before the formation of the Hetian Jade Road,the Jade Road appeared in jade cultural zones of the Northeast and the Southeast and so did the network of jade roads for the exchanges of jades between them.The Hetian Jade Road became the main way through which green stones such as Yi Jade, Yue Jade and Ghost Jade were exchanged with those from Central China and other parts of the country during the Xia,Shang,and Zhou Dynasties.Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty opened up the Silk Road leading to the western countries.So the Jade Road was forgotten by people.The Jade Road emerged again.But it retreated from the stage of history fill after the second half of 20th century.