对抗“存在的被遗忘”——沈从文与20世纪中国文学的现代性问题

Antagonize "The Existence Is Forgotten" SHEN cong-wen and the Modernity Problem of Chinese Literature of 20th Century

20世纪中国文学的现代性,在对主体性的自由和人的生存本真性的追求上,达成了一致。沈从文是第一个对现代文明进程持深刻反思态度的作家。他的小说具有"反现代文明的现代性",其"小说精神"旨在"对抗存在的被遗忘",具体表现在对"生命的庄严"的维护、持"常"拒"变"的历史态度、乡村与都市对立的叙事模式、偏爱感性嫌恶理性的人生观念等四个方面。沈从文的小说创作,不仅是他的"救世"之道,也是他的"自救"之舟。

In the seeking of the freedom of subject and the natural existence of person, the modernity of literature of 20th century is identical. SHEN Cong_wen is the first writer who hold profoundly introspective manner to modern civilization process. His novel possesses 'the modernity of antagonizing modern civilization', and his' novel spirit 'is aimed at' antagonizing the existence is forgotten'. It shows at five aspects: the maintenance of 'the solemn of life'; the history manner of holding 'morality' to occupy 'change'; the contradictory narrating model of city and village; the life concept of accepting perceptual and detesting rational. By means of the novel creation, SHEN Cong_wen 'rescue the world' and 'rescue himself'.