有氧代谢能力的应用及机制

Application and Mechanism of Aerobic Capacity

从多层次、不同途径较系统地研究影响最大有氧代谢能力的生理学因素及最大摄氧量在运动训练中的应用。结果发现:少年运动员的最大摄氧量与疲劳主观感觉有关,其最大摄氧量负荷时的R.P.E值低于成年人;不同负荷形式测定的最大摄氧量值有较大的差异,按其大小排列顺序为:固定跑台、功率自行车、台阶;耐力训练可提高有氧代谢水平,特别是无氧阈值或最大摄氧量利用率;在白、黄、黑肤色人种中,最大摄氧量值无种族差异;在力竭性运动中,线粒体钙聚积抑制细胞呼吸,可造成有氧代射能力下降。

To several degrees of depth and from different ways,the physiological factors affecting themaximal aerobic capacity and the application of the maximal oxygen uptake in sport training were system-atically studied.The results indicated that:the maximal oxygen uptake of junior players was related totheir subjective perception of fatigue,and the value of R.P.E.of junior players at the load of maximaloxygen uptake was lower than that of adults:a relatively big difference existed between the values ofmaximal oxygen uptake measured in different loading forms,with the value on treadmill being the largest,followed by cycle test and then,step test;endurance training could improve the level of aerobic capacity,particularly anaerobic threshold and utilization ratio of maximal oxygen uptake;no difference existed inmaximal oxygen uptake between the white,yellow and black race;in exhausting exercise,the accumulationof Ca of mitochondria inhibited the respiration of cells and deteriorated the aerobic capacity.