酶促大豆油脱胶的研究

Enzyme Catalyzed Degumming of Soybean Oil

探讨了大豆毛油在脱胶过程中利用LecitaseNovo磷脂酶作催化剂水解磷脂分子 ,在温和的条件下将毛油中水合的和非水合磷脂转变成溶血磷脂 ,从而能够用离心操作使其与水相一起被分离出来。通过对酶浓度、反应温度、反应时间、水分含量、pH值、搅拌速度等多项单因素的考查 ,得到大豆毛油的酶法脱胶工艺 ,该法的工艺参数为 :酶浓度 4 2 μL/kg、反应温度 4 2～ 4 4℃、反应时间 2h、水分含量为 1.2 %左右、pH4 .5、搅拌速度为 12 0r/min ,经离心分离去除胶质 ,可得到高质量的大豆磷酯和脱胶油。

Hydrated and non-hydrated phosphatide can be transformed into lysophosphatide under temperate condition, so that it can be separated with water phase together by centrifugal operation.An enzymatic degumming process of crude soybean oil was practiced and the following parameters of reaction condition,such as enzyme concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time,amount of water,pH value,and mixing speed were obtained:enzyme concentration 42μL/kg,reaction temperature 42～44℃,reaction time 2h,amount of water about 1.2%,pH 4.5,and mixing speed 120r/min. After removing the gum by centrifugal separation,high-quality soybean phosphatide and non-gum soybean oil were gained.