在理想与功利之间——两种科学观的社会价值

Between Ideal and Utility: the Social Value of Two Views of Science

本文认为科学是一种纯粹的理性事业,有着自己的内在发展逻辑和追求目的的理想主义科学观,和认为科学必然是要为人类的功利目的服务的功利主义科学观,是在对科学的价值认识上的两种似乎互相对立的形态,但这种对立是长期以来对科学的不恰当的认识所造成的。从梳理两种科学观的发展历史中,我们完全可以换一个角度考虑两者之间的关系,从而寻找到它们的契合点,为合理认识科学的社会价值提供理论指导。

The ideal view of science thinks science as cause of pure reason which has its own development logic and purpose. The utilitarianism view of science thinks that science must service for the utilitarian purpose. The anti-thesis between two different views is formed by the unproper cognition in science. We must change the view-point at the relation of two views. Then we can find the contact of two views which can provide guide to recognize the social value of science reasonably.