食管胃粘膜线的解剖和胃镜观察

Anatomic and gastroscopic examination of the esophagogastric mucosa line

目的:研究食管胃粘膜线的形态学特点,为临床应用提供解剖学基础。方法:取76例成人标本,观察食管胃粘膜线的位置和形态。Olympus胃镜下观察20例成人粘膜线的形态。取粘膜线处的组织,作石蜡切片,HE染色,显微镜下观察组织结构。结果:食管胃粘膜线多位于膈与贲门切迹的平面之间(72%),距膈(1.71±0.89)cm。齿状线62例(82%),环形线14例(18%)。粘膜线多斜向右下方(78%)。胃镜下观察到粘膜线两侧粘膜颜色对比明显,食管粘膜呈淡粉红色或淡黄红色,胃粘膜呈桔红色。粘膜线上下两侧分别被覆复层扁平上皮和单层柱状上皮,粘膜交界处的组织疏松,深方的环层肌增厚。结论:胃镜检查时可根据位置和粘膜颜色对比确认食管胃粘膜线。

Objective: To examine morphological features of the esophagogastr ic mucosa line and provide anatomic basis for clinical application. Methods: Lo cation and appearances of the esophagogastric mucosa lines were viewed on 76 adu lt specimens. The lines of 20 adult persons were examined with Olympus gastrosco pe. The tissue mass at the line was removed. Paraffin sections were made and sta ined with HE. The tissue structures were observed using a microscope. Results: M ost esophagogastric mucosa lines (72%) located between the diaphragm and the lev el of the cardiac incisure, the position of the lines was 1.71± 0.89 cm below t he diaphragm. There were 62 dentate lines (82%) and 14 circular lines (18%) . Mo st lines (78%) inclined to the right inferiorly. In gastroscopic images, the col ors of mucosas above and below the lines were distinctive, the mucosa of the eso phagus was light pink or light reddish yellow, the mucosa of the stomach was red dish orange. There were stratified squamous epithelium and simple columnar epith elium above and below the line respectively. The tissue at the mucosa junction w as loose, and smooth muscle of the circular layer was thick. Conclusions: The es ophagogastric mucosa line may be identified according to its location and color during gastroscopic examination.