产品缺陷及认定标准比较研究

Comparative Research of Product Defects and Its Distinguishing Standard

产品缺陷是产品责任构成不可或缺的要件,我国对产品缺陷的定义及其认定标准界定的不够科学,对此,应借鉴国外经验。是否存在不合理的危险应是产品缺陷定义的关键因素。产品缺陷的认定标准,应确立“两分法”标准,即根据情况,选择适用消费者期待标准,或者风险—效用平衡标准。

Product defect is the indispensable elements of product liability, the definition and distinguishing standard in Chinese law and regulations is not scientific to some extent, we should learn foreign experiences for reference in this aspect. The distinguishing standard of the products defect should adopt 'double track' standard, from which we can employ Consumer Expectation or Risk-Utility Balancing in accordance with the specific conditions.