144例心血管病患者拔牙牙科焦虑症流行病学调查

Prevalence of dental anxiety in 144 patients with cardiovascular diseases before tooth extraction

目的 调查心血管病患者拔牙术前牙科焦虑症(DA)的流行情况。方法 采用改良的牙科焦虑量表(DAS)对144例心血管病患者拔牙前DA进行调查和统计分析。结果 该类患者拔牙DA发生率为7.6％;麻醉前焦虑水平最高;对拔牙的认知程度消极、女性、60岁以下、有既往拔牙痛苦史或未拔过牙、心血管病单一、初次心电监护下拔牙、复杂牙拔除的患者拔牙前DAS得分高,男女间、不同认知程度间差异有显著性;对心血管病患者拔牙DAS得分的影响因素从大到小依次为:认知程度、性别、拔牙经历、心血管病史单一否、年龄、是否为复杂牙拔除、是否是初次监护下拔牙等。其中认知程度有非常显著性影响(P=0.000)。结论 7.6％的心血管病患者拔牙术前存在DA,并受多种因素影响,医护人员应予以术前相应的心理治疗和护理。

Objective To determine the prevalence of dental anxiety (DA) in patients with cardiovascular disease before tooth exraction so as to provide psychotherapy. Methods 144 patients with cardiovascular diseases were asked to complete a questionnaire modified from Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) while awaiting for tooth extraction. Results The incidence rate of DA in these patients was 7. 6%. Anxiety level on anesthesia procedure was the highest. DAS score was higher among patients with the following factors: inactive perception, female, below 60 years old, experiences of painful tooth extraction, a documented history of single cardiovascular disease, under ECG monitoring for the first time and complicated tooth extraction. Conclusion DA existed in patients with cardiovascular diseases before tooth extraction and was related to many factors. Medical staff should take necessary measures to provide them with psychotherapy and nursing guidance before tooth extraction.