澳大利亚树木工业利用的若干情况

SOME ASPECTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL USE OF AUSTRALIAN TREES

桉树和澳洲金合欢(Acacias)的木材和树皮,性质上互有差异,也不同于北半球常见的针叶材。多年来逐渐认识了这些差异和可能控制性质差异的方法,导致了某些树种在澳大利亚和其他国家建材和制浆方面的广泛应用。某些桉树和金合欢树的木材和树皮,在若干应用上甚至比其他树种更受重视。文中介绍了促成这些木材大量利用的技术成就,提醒人们在营林时要妥善选择树种,以满足林木生长特别是最终利用的需要,保证在现有土地上得到最大的产率。

The properties of the woods and barks of eucalyptus and Australian acacias differ between themselves and from the softwoods common in the northern hemisphere. Over many years an understanding of these differences has been developed as well as the way different properties may be controlled. This has led to the widespread use of the wood of certain species as a source of building materials and of fibre for pulp, not only in Australia but increasingly in other countries. For some uses, the wood or bark of certain eucalyptus and acacia species are preferred to those of any other species. Examples of the technological developments which have enabled the increased use of their woods are given. Attention is directed to the need when establishing plantations to select the species which satisfy not only forestry requirements but particularly end-use requirements to ensure maximum productivity from available land.