神农架林区几种胆道疾病危险因素分析

The Risk Factors of Several Diseases at Shennongjia Woodland

目的 了解神农架林区近年来胆道感染、胆石病、尿石症患病率不断增加的原因 ,为神农架林区居民改变不良的生活习惯提供理论依据。 方法 采用病例 -对照法整群抽样。以神农架松柏镇为调查组 ,调查人数 14 77人 ,周边地区木鱼镇为对照组 ,调查人数 5 61人。 结果 调查组与对照组相比 :胆道感染患病率差异有高度显著性意义 ( χ2 =7.40 8,P =0 .0 0 6) ;胆石病患病率差异有显著性意义 ( χ2 =4.0 46,P =0 .0 44 )。尿石症患病率差异无显着性意义 ( χ2 =3 .619,P =0 .0 5 7)。多因素回归分析表明 :影响神农架林区松柏镇胆道感染患病率的主要危险因素依次为年龄、睡懒觉、空腹饮茶、性别、文化程度 ;胆石病患病率的主要危险因素依次为 :年龄、文化程度、白酒饮量、食用方法 ;尿石症主要危险因素依次为 :白酒饮量、年人均收入。 结论 神农架林区胆道感染、胆石病、尿石症的患病率与当地的水质无关 ,神农架林区水质良好 ,以上三类疾病与居民生活中的不良生活习惯有密切关系。

Objective To realize the reason of increasing morbidity rate of some diseases, such as biliary infection, cholelithiasis and urinary calculi in recent years in Shennongjia woodland, and provide some theoretical evidences in order to help those inhabitants to improve their living behavior. Methods Comparing all the cases, we analyzed several typical cases in the whole district and made questionnaire in some families. The group at Songbai town is the investigated group, including 1,477 persons. The control group at Muyu town includes 561 persons. Result It has significant difference between the ratio of the biliary infection or cholelithiasis at Songbai and Muyu town(χ 2=7.408,P=0.006),(χ 2=4.046,P=0.044). But there is no significant difference of urinary calculi between the two groups(χ 2=3.619,P=0.057).The result of multivariate logistic analysis showed: the order of the main risk factors are the age, the hobby of getting up late, drinking tea at empty stomach, gender and education degree, which affect the rate of the biliary infection at Songbai town in Shennongjia woodland. The risk factors contributing to cholelithiasis are age, education degree, quantity of wine drinking, the method of preparing food. The main factors contributing to urinary calculi are the quantity of wine drinking and yearly income. Conclusion These three diseases have no relation with the geological environment but the living behavior. The quality of water in Shennongjia is very good.