戏曲的生存“危机”和应对措施——全国戏曲剧种剧团现状调查综述

The Survival Crisis of Drama and the Measure of Answering the Crisis

戏曲面临的生存危机主要表现为:国营剧团负担重,生存艰难;人才流失、断层现象严重;戏曲遗产有失传的危险;民间职业剧团过多且不正规,对传统艺术的保护和传承造成了伤害;戏曲创作与演出市场严重脱节,得奖剧目得不到普及推广;剧场、排练场等设施破旧,剧团的生存环境恶劣。保护和发展戏曲文化遗存是当务之急,要根据各地、各个剧种的发展历史、艺术价值、文化价值,给予恰当的定位,制定出切合实际的政策;建立新型的剧团管理机制;改善剧团的工作环境和演出条件;给戏校、艺校招生提供提供优惠政策;对演出市场进行宏观调控,抢救和保护戏曲艺术遗产;加大戏曲理论研究;加强戏曲文化教育;建立保护戏曲的管理体制。

Crisis which the opera face including: burden of state opera troupe weight; talent runs off; nongovernmental professional theatrical company is too much and not regular, opera creation and perform market serious come apart; theatrical company facility is out - of - date. Protect and develop culture of opera is important. Base on develop history, artistic value and cultural value of every type of drama, make the policy that suits reality, put up the management mechanism of theatrical company of new establishment, improve the working environment and perform condition of theatrical company, give opera and skill school recruitment preferential policy, as performing market to carry out macro - control, etc.