移民对清代陕南地区农业经济的开发与制约

Exploitation and Restraint on Agricultural Economy in South of Shanxi by Immigrants in the Qing Dynasty

由于外来移民的大量迁入,清代陕南地区的许多山区得到广泛开垦,耕地面积大为增加,土地开发利用程度超过历史上的任何时期,经济开发的速度明显加快,客观上促进了陕南移民迁入区的经济发展。但由于移民人口的过度增加和大规模的掠夺性开发,大肆毁林开荒,盲目扩大耕地面积,致使陕南的自然生态环境遭到严重破坏,自然灾害频繁发生,从而影响和制约了当地经济的持续发展。

As the result of a large number of immigrants' moving in,many mountains were exploited widely in south of Shaanxi in the Qing Dynasty, cultivated areas increased,the degree of exploitation and utilization for wasteland exceeded any period in history,the speed of economy development was accelerated apparently,and promoted the development of economy in south of Shanxi objectively.But at the same time,since immigrants' excessive increasing and crushing exploitation of wide scope,they destroyed forests and opened up wasteland unlimited,enlarged the cultivated areas blindly,then the natural environment of south of Shanxi was destroyed seriously,the natural calamity occurred frequently,and the continuous development of economy of south of Shanxi was influenced and restricted at last.