麻风病低流行地区疫情监测的研究

Surveillance of leprosy in a low epidemic area

目的 : 探索麻风病低流行地区的疫情监测方法和指标。方法 : 借鉴AFP监测系统作为消灭脊髓灰质炎策略之一的方法 ,建立以扩大搜索、主动监测为目的的麻风疑似病例监测系统。结果 : 麻风疑似病例监测系统的疑似病例报告率为 1.6 万 ,显著高于项目开展前 5年的水平 (P <0 .0 0 0 1)。麻风病人发现率为 0 .76 1 10万 ,较项目开展前有显著提高 (P =0 .0 0 973)。结论 : 麻风疑似病例监测系统对于麻风病低流行地区的疫情监测 ,具有灵敏性、准确性、及时性和可行性 ,建议将麻风疑似病例监测系统作为麻风病低流行地区疫情监测的方法及实现完全消灭麻风病的重要策略。

Objective:To explore the method and index fo r surveillance of leprosy in a low epidemic area. Methods: A dopting the acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance system as the strategy in eradication of poliomyelitis to establish leprosy suspects surveillance system for active surveillance of leprosy. Results: The leprosy s uspects report rate was 1.6/10 000,in the leprosy suspects surveillance system,which was significantly higher than the report rate in the 5 years before the p roject (P<0.0001). The detection rate of leprosy was 0.761/100 0 00 in the leprosy suspects surveillance system,which was significantly higher t han that in the 5 years before the project (P=0.00973). Conclusion :The leprosy suspects surveillance system is sensiti ve,timely and feasible,and can be used as a monitoring method in the surveilla nce of leprosy in low epidemic area.