网络多层拓扑发现算法的分析

Algorithms Analysis of Topology Discovery for Multi-Layer Networks

网络多层拓扑发现常用工具有多种:Ping测试IP的连通性,Traceroute发现路由器,DNS提供IP地址与主机名称间的映射,ARP保存同局域网设备的MAC和IP地址并将IP映射为MAC。小型网络重视链路层设备和主机的发现,而大型网络侧重网络层以发现路由器与子网。特大型网络拓扑发现需跨越很多异构型网络及管理域。拓扑发现算法的发现通常是从IP层到链路层。拓扑发现算法通过地址转发表、网桥生成树和端口流量进行计算。

There are many tools used in topology discovery of multi-layer networks, such as Ping tests IP connectivity, Traceroute discovers routers, DNS provides mapping between IP address and host names. ARP keeps MAC and IP address in a LAN and maps IP to MAC. Pay attention to discovering of data-link layer equipments and hosts for small networks, and then attention to network layer for large networks as well as discover routers and subnets. Topology discovery of extra-large networks need go through many heterogeneous networks and management domains. Discovery algorithms usually go from high layer (IP layer) to low layer (data-link layer). Topology discovery algorithms are that port connectivity is accounted by address transmitting table, spanning tree and flux of port.