用单克隆抗体免疫酶染法快速诊断甲乙型流感

STUDIES ON RAPID DIAGNOSIS OF INFLUENZA A AND B BY USING IMMUNOENZYME METHOD

用单克隆抗体(简称单抗)免疫荧光法快速诊断流感,国外和国内均有报道,但用单抗免疫酶染法国外报道较少,国内则未见报道。为了便于广大基层使用,我们建立了简便,快速、敏感地诊断流感的免疫酶染色法(IE)。方法是将呼吸道标本接种于MDCK细胞后,于不同时间用我们自制的抗甲型和乙型流感病毒型特异性单克隆抗体进行间接免酶染色,以检查细胞内表达的病毒相关抗原。

100 specimens from out-patients suspected of influenza during early 1991 were collected and inoculated into MDCK celis. The antigen oinfluenza virus in MDCK cell was detected at different time after ino-culation by using immunoenzyme method ( IE ) and immunofluorescence method ( IF ) and as well as conventional virus isolation. Of 100 specimens 16 were found to be positive by IE, in which 12 belonged to type A and 4 belonged to type B. The result of IF was the same with IE. Among 16 specimens positive by IE, 15 isolates were obtained by conventional virus isolation in which 12 isolates were identified as H1N1influenza virus and 3 as influenza B virus by means of hemagglutina-tion inhibition test. No virus can be detected in one specimen by repea-ted isolation. The time needed for diagnosis and typing by IE is about 24-72 hours, whereas it takes about 6-12 days for conventional virus isolation. Therefore, IE method is not only rapid, but also can detect directly the type of inflaenza virus.